Acoustic target strength of capelin measured by single-target tracking in a controlled cage experiment

Knowledge of the acoustic target strength (TS) of capelin, Mallotus villosus (Müller), is important to scale integrator outputs for use in acoustic surveys, but experimental measurements of capelin TS are scarce. This paper reports a new ex situ experiment on capelin TS. Small groups of the fish were kept in a large sea cage that allowed them to swim freely between 4.5 and 10 m deep. TS measurements were made vertically with a scientific...