Assessing nodules detected in lung cancer screening: the value of positron emission tomography

Lung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Screening for lung cancer may improve the poor prognosis by detecting the cancer at an early stage where radical surgery still is possible. Several randomised clinical trials using low-dose computed tomography (CT) have been launched in high-risk smokers or former smokers in the USA and Europe [1–3]. The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) randomised 53 454 subjects to undergo annual CT scans...