Chloroplast gene organization deduced from complete sequence of liverwort Marchantia polymorpha chloroplast DNA

Chloroplasts contain their own autonomously replicating DNA genome. The majority of proteins present in the chloroplasts are encoded by nuclear DNA, but the rest are encoded by chloroplast DNA and synthesized by the chloroplast transcription–translation machinery1–4. Although the nucleotide sequences of many chloroplast genes from various plant species have been determined, the entire gene organization of the chloroplast genome has not yet been...