Extubation and emergence

Emergence and extubation are times of increased risk during anaesthesia. More complications occur then than at induction. The majority of problems are airway related due to airway obstruction, hypoxia, aspiration, airway trauma or post-obstructive pulmonary oedema. Other problems include a delayed recovery of consciousness, cardiovascular instability and delirium. Prompt identification and treatment of the underlying cause is essential to...