Berberine-Improved Visceral White Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance Associated with Altered Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Proteins, Liver X Receptors, and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Transcriptional Programs in Diabetic Hamsters

The diabetic “lipotoxicity” hypothesis presents that fat-induced visceral white adipose tissue insulin resistance plays a central role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Berberine, a hypolipidemic agent, has been reported to have antidiabetic activities. The molecular mechanisms for this property are, however, not well clarified. Therefore in this study type 2 diabetic hamsters were induced by high-fat diet with low-dose streptozotocin....