Reliability updating and decision analysis for head monitoring of levees

Flood defence levees are crucial for flood protection, especially in riverine and deltaic areas. One of the most critical failure modes of levees is backwards internal erosion or piping. Piping reliability is largely influenced by uncertainties in ground conditions, especially by geohydrological properties such as the hydraulic conductivity of an aquifer. These properties are typically highly uncertain, which can lead to the related...