Toxicity and hazard assessment of fipronil to Daphnia pulex

Hazard assessments based on two measures of toxicity were conducted for the water flea, Daphnia pulex (Leydig) exposed to the insecticide, fipronil. The measures of toxicity obtained were 48 h acute lethal concentration estimates, and a direct measure of population growth rate, the 10-day instantaneous rate of increase (r(i)). Additionally, life tables were developed after exposure to several concentrations to tease out the apparent sublethal...