Seasonal and Annual Survival of the SalamanderSalamandra salamandra salamandra

Survival is an important component of population growth rate. We use data from a 9-yr mark-recapture study to estimate annual and monthly survival probabilities of adult salamanders (Salamandra salamandra). Monthly survival probability was 0.98–0.99 and did not differ between summer and winter. Annual survival probability was 0.86. These estimates are similar to estimates for other salamander species. While other studies on Salamandra salamandra...