Generality of Proportional Reasoning in Early Adolescence: Content Effects and Individual Differences

Two hundred forty eight adolescents from grades 6 and 8 were given a proportional reasoning task and a battery of eight cognitive style, ability, and attitude measures. The problems in the proportional reasoning task varied in referential content and numerical structure. The cognitive ability and style dimensions examined consisted of: Crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence, field dependency, divergent thinking, visualization ability, and...