Visible, less visible, and invisible work: Patterns of collaboration in 20th century chemistry

We chronicle the use of acknowledgments in 20th century chemistry by analyzing and classifying over 2,000 specimens covering a 100‐year period. Our results show that acknowledgment has gradually established itself as a constitutive element of academic writing—one that provides a revealing insight into the structural nature of subauthorship collaboration in science. Complementary data on rates of coauthorship are also presented to highlight the...