Non-ionic surfactants as novel intranasal absorption enhancers: in vitro and in vivo characterization

To explore the potential of non-ionic surfactants as novel intranasal absorption enhancers.Taking sumatriptan succinate (SMS) as a model drug, influence of different non-ionic surfactants, including laurate sucrose ester (SE), cremophor EL and poloxamer 188, on the intranasal absorption of SMS was investigated using an in situ nasal perfusion technique in rats. Ciliotoxicity of the non-ionic surfactants was evaluated using an in situ toad palate...