Flame Bifurcations and Flammable Regions of Radiative Counterflow Premixed Flames with General Lewis Numbers

Flame bifurcations, extinction, and flammable regions of radiative counterflow premixed flames and the planar propagating flames are investigated numerically with general Lewis numbers. New insights and phenomena are presented by examining the interaction of radiation heat loss, Lewis number effect, and stretch. At a low Lewis number, the results show that for equivalence ratio lower than the standard flammability limit, radiation extinction...