Porphyry deposits and oxidized magmas

Porphyry deposits supply most of the world's Cu and Mo resources. Over 90% of the porphyry deposits are found at convergent margins, especially above active subduction zones, with much fewer occurrences at post-collisional or other tectonic settings. Porphyry Cu–(Mo)–(Au) deposits are essentially magmatic–hydrothermal systems, which are generally initiated by injection of oxidized magmas saturated with metal-rich aqueous fluids, i.e., the...