Health Effects Related to Low Vitamin D Concentrations: Beyond Bone Metabolism

<i>Background:</i> Vitamin D is essential for a vast number of physiologic processes, and thus adequate levels are necessary or advantageous for optimal health. During childhood and adolescence, an adequate vitamin D status is needed due to its important role in cell growth, skeletal structure, and development. <i>Aims:</i> To review the extraskeletal effects of vitamin D, focusing especially on children....