The importance of oxygen for the disparate recovery patterns of the benthic macrofauna in the Early Triassic

The end-Permian mass extinction, 252 million years ago, decimated life on Earth including the benthic marine invertebrate macrofauna. A return to pre-extinction levels of diversity and complex ecological systems took approximately 5 million years. This review provides the most up to date synthesis of the progression of the benthic marine invertebrate macrofaunal recovery. We found the rates and patterns of the benthic recovery to vary both...