Language-related episodes

A language-related episode (LRE) is any part of a dialogue where language learners ‘talk about the language they are producing, question their language use, or correct themselves or others’ (Swain and Lapkin 1998: 326). LREs were initially units of analysis to examine the goalappropriateness of discourse used in the completion of classroom tasks. This descriptive construct, which is based on instances of language use termed ‘critical episodes’...