Attempts to reproduce swollen head syndrome in specific pathogen‐free chickens by inoculating withEscherichia coliand/or turkey rhinotracheitis virus

Attempts to reproduce swollen head syndrome (SHS) lesions were carried out in specific pathogen‐free (SPF) chickens. In Experiment 1, chickens inoculated into the submucosal tissue of the nasal membrane or subcutaneous tissue of eyelids with four different strains of Escherichia coli, developed typical SHS lesions; purulent and necrotic lesions of facial subcutis (especially around their eyelids), periocular connective tissue, infraorbital...