Observation of droplet behavior of emulsified fuel in secondary atomization in flame

The study aims to visualize droplet behaviors of emulsified fuel in secondary atomization in a flame stabilized in a laminar counterflow field. To study secondary atomization characteristics in the flame, direct photography of the flame using a color high-speed video camera (7,000 fps) and magnified shadow imaging of spray droplets using a monochrome high-speed video camera (180,064 fps) were used. Frequencies of secondary atomization in the...