Optimum scraper load time and fleet size for minimum emissions

Scrapers are commonly used in road construction, site formation, other earthmoving and surface mining operations. It is known that loading a scraper to capacity may not be best in terms of unit operational cost, because the load-growth curve for a scraper is nonlinear – the loading rate decreases with load time. However, there is no published research considering the effect of load time and fleet size on unit emissions, and what the...