Outside Options and Social Comparison in Three-Player Ultimatum Game Experiments

We conducted ultimatum games in which a proposer offers a division of 10 to a respondent, who accepts or rejects it. If an offer is rejected, players receive a known outside option. Our proposers made simultaneous offers to two respondents, with outside options of and $4. The rate of rejected offers was higher than in similar studies, around 50%, and persisted across five trials. Outside options seem to make players "egocentrically" apply...