Testing and characterization of PV modules with integrated microinverters

Photovoltaic (PV) modules with attached microinverters are becoming increasingly popular in PV systems, especially in the residential system market, as such systems offer several benefits not found in PV systems utilizing central inverters. PV modules with fully integrated microinverters are emerging to fill a similar market space. These “AC modules” absorb solar energy and produce AC energy without allowing access to the intermediate DC bus....