The flow of a reversible ratchet

A reversible ratchet by which Brownian particles can be transported might be attained through the periodic change of a potential in space and time. Since the integrated flow of particles in the ratchet along a certain process can be expressed as a contour integral in the space of potential parameters, it is possible, therefore, to investigate what kind of process has a better net flow of particles in a reversible ratchet system. In a certain...