The effects of six electronic apex locators on pacemaker function: anin vitrostudy

To assess the effects of six electronic apex locators (EALs) on pacemaker function in vitro.Six EALs (Mini Apex Locator®, Dentaport ZX®, Novapex®, Raypex5®, Root ZX mini®, and Justy II®) were tested for electromagnetic interference (EMI) with one pacemaker (Saint Jude Medical). The pacemaker, with a single electrode, was immersed in a saline solution bath adjusted to 400-800 hms to simulate the electrical resistance of the human body and to...