The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation: Its manifestations and impacts with special emphasis on the Atlantic region north of 60°N

This paper examines the multidecadal variability in the northern North Atlantic and the Arctic. Observations, modeling and paleo data provide evidence of a strong link between the atmospheric and physical oceanographic variability in these northern regions with Atlantic sea surface temperatures farther south as expressed by the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Air and sea temperatures over the past 100–150 years reveal cool periods in...