Multiphase Risk-Management Method and Its Application in Tunnel Engineering

For a better understanding of risk management and the optimization of risk mitigation, a multiphase risk-management method is proposed in which the assessment of risks is divided into two phases: the initial risk phase and the secondary risk phase. The initial risk phase is used for risk evaluation at the beginning of a project and can be quantified by the combination of probability and loss. If the initial risk is not acceptable,...