REVISITING THE FILE DRAWER PROBLEM IN META-ANALYSIS: AN ASSESSMENT OF PUBLISHED AND NONPUBLISHED CORRELATION MATRICES

The file drawer problem rests on the assumption that statistically non‐significant results are less likely to be published in primary‐level studies and less likely to be included in meta‐analytic reviews, thereby resulting in upwardly biased meta‐analytically derived effect sizes. We conducted 5 studies to assess the extent of the file drawer problem in nonexperimental research. In Study 1, we examined 37,970 correlations included in 403...