A Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Invasive Cervical Cancer among U.S. Women Exposed to Oncogenic Types of Human Papillomavirus

Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, the necessary cause of most cervical cancers, are common and usually clear within 1 to 2 years. Identifying cofactors that lead to cancer among HPV-infected women has depended mainly on case-control studies defining HPV by DNA testing. DNA testing assesses only current infection; thus, concerns about residual confounding remain. To assess cofactors, we used seropositivity to five oncogenic HPV...