The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21): Further Examination of Dimensions, Scale Reliability, and Correlates

Objectives We conducted two studies to examine the dimensions, internal consistency reliability estimates, and potential correlates of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales—21 (DASS‐21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). Method Participants in Study 1 included 887 undergraduate students (363 men and 524 women, aged 18 to 35 years; mean [ M ] age = 19.46, standard deviation [ SD ] = 2.17) recruited from two public universities to assess the...