How to generalize efficacy results of randomized trials: recommendations based on a systematic review of possible approaches

Rationale, aims and objectives Randomized controlled trials ( RCT s) are the preferred source for evidence for the effect of treatment. However, patients participating in RCT s often manifest important differences from patients seen in practice. Therefore, guideline developers have to decide whether the results are generalizable to the target population not represented in RCT s. Method A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to...