Anti-diabetic phytochemicals that promote GLUT4 translocation via AMPK signaling in muscle cells

Skeletal muscles are the largest tissue in our body and play an important role in maintaining glucose homeostasis. Cultured L6 myotubes and C2C12 myotubes are useful to construct simple glucose uptake assay systems, to screen various phytochemicals that promote glucose uptake, and to clarify their modes of actions. In skeletal muscles, insulin promotes glucose uptake by activating phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and Akt, leading to...