(Washington University in St. Louis)+ 2 AuthorsOscar Harari13
Estimated H-index: 13
(Washington University in St. Louis)
Purpose of the Review This review summarizes the current state of the art of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) in the assessment of risk for neurodegenerative diseases.
Background: In previous studies, we observed decreased neuronal and increased astrocyte proportions in AD cases in parietal brain cortex by using a deconvolution method for bulk RNA-seq. These findings suggested that genetic risk factors associated with AD etiology have a specific effect in the cellular composition of AD brains. The goal of this study is to investigate if there are genetic determinants for brain cell compositions. Methods: Using cell type composition inferred from transcriptome ...
(Washington University in St. Louis)+ 15 AuthorsKristy Bergmann (Washington University in St. Louis)
Alzheimer Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. This neurodegenerative disorder is associated with neuronal death and gliosis specifically in the cerebral cortex. AD has a substantial but heterogeneous genetic component, presenting both Mendelian and complex genetic architectures. We previously reported different cellular proportions between brains exhibiting different AD genetic architecture, that we identified using bulk RNA-seq from homogenized parietal lobes and deconvolution met...
ABSTRACT The potential to rapidly capture the entire microbial community structure and/or gene content makes metagenomic sequencing an attractive tool for pathogen identification and the detection of resistance/virulence genes in clinical settings. Here, we assessed the consistency between PCR from a diagnostic laboratory, quantitative PCR (qPCR) from a research laboratory, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and metagenomic shotgun sequencing (MSS) for Clostridium difficile identification in diarrhea sto...
(Baylor College of Medicine)+ 10 AuthorsKen Maleta13
Estimated H-index: 13
Background Resistant starch (RS) decreases intestinal inflammation in some settings. We tested the hypothesis that gut inflammation will be reduced with dietary supplementation with RS in rural Malawian children. Eighteen stunted 3–5-year-old children were supplemented with 8.5 g/day of RS type 2 for 4 weeks. The fecal samples were analyzed for the microbiota, the microbiome, short chain fatty acids, metabolome, and proteins indicative of inflammation before and after the intervention. Subjects ...
Background: The Human Microbiome Project (HMP) was undertaken with the goal of defining microbial communities in and on the bodies of healthy individuals using high-throughput metagenomic sequencing analysis. The viruses present in these microbial communities, the ‘human virome,’ are an important aspect of the human microbiome that is particularly understudied in the absence of overt disease. We analyzed eukaryotic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses, together with dsDNA replicative intermediate...
Background Determining bacterial abundance variation is the first step in understanding bacterial similarity between individuals. Categorization of bacterial communities into groups or community classes is the subsequent step in describing microbial distribution based on abundance patterns. Here, we present an analysis of the groupings of bacterial communities in stool, nasal, skin, vaginal and oral habitats in a healthy cohort of 236 subjects from the Human Microbiome Project.
(Washington University in St. Louis)+ 13 AuthorsDavid E. Nelson43
Estimated H-index: 43
(Indiana University Bloomington)
Background Characterizing the biogeography of the microbiome of healthy humans is essential for understanding microbial associated diseases. Previous studies mainly focused on a single body habitat from a limited set of subjects. Here, we analyzed one of the largest microbiome datasets to date and generated a biogeographical map that annotates the biodiversity, spatial relationships, and temporal stability of 22 habitats from 279 healthy humans.